Pharmacogenomics Implication of Tamoxifen in Breast Cancer Treatment: Clinical Relevance and Future Directions
Khalda E. M. Elhaj1*, Mahmoud M. E. Mudawi2,Hamad A. Albagir A. Ali3,Kamal A.A. Mohammed4
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Abdullatif Alhamad University of Technology, Sudan.
2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan.
3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dongola, Sudan
4Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dongola, Sudan.
E-mail:[email protected]ORCID Id: 0009-0001-6744-6002
Abstract
Tamoxifen is a cornerstone therapy for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, improving survival and reducing recurrence. Its efficacy and toxicity, however, vary due to genetic polymorphisms influencing metabolism and transport. Key genes, such as CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCB1, ABCC2), are crucial in forming and distributing active metabolites like endoxifen. This review explores tamoxifen pharmacogenetics through an analysis of literature from PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and PharmaGKB. Genetic variations like CYP2D6*10 in Asians and CYP2D6*17/29 in Africans impact therapeutic outcomes. Barriers to personalized tamoxifen therapy include inconsistent guidelines, limited access to genetic testing, and underrepresentation of ethnic groups in research.The findings highlight the need for multidisciplinary approaches integrating genetic, clinical, and environmental factors to optimize therapy. Large-scale, diverse, population-specific studies are essential to establish universal pharmacogenetic guidelines.
Received: 18 December 2024 Accepted: 11 January 2025 Published: 13 February 2025
How to Cite
Elhaj, K. E. M; Mudawi, M. M. E.; Albagir, H. A. & Mohammed, K. A, A., Pharmacogenomics Implication of Tamoxifen in Breast Cancer Treatment: Clinical Relevance and Future Directions.STJ,2024, 1,90-109
https://doi.org/10.70957/uqu.edu.sa/s.toxicology.s/stj.2024.1.9
Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi ArabiaThis article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).