Osama S. A. Hamdouna*1,Emad Hanoun Al-Kahlout2
1Department of Psychology, Dean of the Faculty of Education. Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine
2Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University in Gaza, Palestine
Volume: 16 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 112-126 | September 2024-|-https://doi.org/10.54940/ep50131604-|-PDF
Received:-28/1/2022-|-Revised:-27/11/2022-|-Accepted:-6/12/2022
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract
The study aimed to build a measure of morale, verify the validity and reliability, and standardize it on a sample of Palestinians. It also aimed to realize differences in morale according to gender, profession and years of experience. The descriptive method used. A random sample of (358) teachers and nurses of both sexes in the governmental public sector in the governorates of Gaza and its north in Palestine were selected. The researchers prepared and arbitrated the morale scale among a number of specialists, so that it consists in its final form of (21), items distributed evenly with the numbering being rotated on three dimensions: self-confidence, the relationship with colleagues and the work environment. The results find that the scale has a good degree of structural validity, as the correlation coefficients between the score of items, dimensions, and the total score of the scale. All items have a discriminatory validity in favor of the higher group at 0.01. In addition, the measure of morale characterized by a high degree of reliability using split half method and Cronbach's alpha. The results found statistically significant differences in morale according to gender in favor of females, and according to profession in favor of teachers, while there were no differences in morale according to the years of experience of the sample.
Keywords
Standardization, morale scale, Palestinian sample.
How to Cite
Hamdouna, O. S. A., & Al-Kahlout, E. H. (2024) Building and Standardization a Scale of Morale among Teachers and Nurses Working in the Palestinian Community,-Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Educational and Psychological Sciences, 16(3),-112-126.-https://doi.org/10.54940/ep50131604
License
1658-8177/© 2024-by the Authors. Published by-J. Umm Al-Qura Univ. for Edu. and Psychological Sci.-This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of thehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/-