Waves theory of light: wave equation, sinusoidal waves, phase velocity, complex representation, and plane waves. Superposition of waves: superposition principle, superposition of waves of the same frequency, standing waves, phase and group velocities, energy and power. Interference: two-beam interference, Young's double-slit experiment, double-slit interference with virtual sources, interference in dielectric films, Newton's Rings. Optical Interferometer. Polarization, production of polarized light, double refraction (birefringence). Diffraction of light: types of diffraction, Fraunhofer diffractio, beam spreading, and resolution. Diffraction grating, grating equation, dispersion, types of grating and grating.